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NSW Curriculum
NSW Education Standards Authority

7–10Music 7–10 Syllabus

Record of changes
Implementation from 2026
Expand for detailed implementation advice

Content

Stage 4

Elements of music

The list of elements is not a list of essential content. Teachers should select appropriate elements of music relevant to the repertoire and the interests and needs of the students.

Duration
  • Beat and the absence of beat

  • Tempo

  • Note/rest values

  • Rhythms

  • Metre such as simple and compound

  • Rhythmic devices such as syncopation, ostinato, backbeat, free rhythm, cycles

Pitch
  • Higher and lower

  • Definite and indefinite

  • Direction and contour

  • Steps, leaps and repeated notes

  • Tonality such as pentatonic, modal, major, minor

  • Melody

  • Harmony

  • Pitch devices such as ostinato, riff, drone

  • Methods of notating pitch such as graphic notation, treble and bass clef, tablature

Texture
  • Density such as thick or thin

  • Identification of layers of sound

  • Roles of layers of sound such as melodic, harmonic, rhythmic

  • Types of texture such as monophonic, homophonic, polyphonic

Performing media and timbre
  • Performing media/sound sources such as voices, instruments, electronic, natural

  • Sound production methods such as blowing, plucking, scraping, strumming, shaking

  • Timbral descriptions such as nasal, metallic

Dynamics and expression
  • Dynamics including gradations such as forte, diminuendo

  • Articulations such as legato, accent

  • Expressive techniques by specific performing media such as pizzicato, slap

  • Electronic manipulation techniques such as distortion, delay

  • Expressive directions and associated terminology

Structure
  • Macrostructures such as verse–chorus, binary, cyclic form

  • Microstructures such as riff, phrase, motif, ostinato

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