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NSW Curriculum
NSW Education Standards Authority

7–10Science 7–10 Syllabus

Record of changes
Implementation from 2026
Expand for detailed implementation advice

Content

Stage 4

Change

Working scientifically

In this focus area, students develop skills in observation, as well as planning and conducting investigations. Additional Working scientifically outcomes and skills may be integrated with this content.

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Energy transfers
  • Identify conduction, convection and radiation as different ways that energy can be transferred, and distinguish between these forms

  • Describe, using the terms ‘potential energy’ (PE) or ‘kinetic energy’ (KE), how systems can store different forms of energy, including thermal, elastic, chemical and gravitational energy

  • Identify examples of how energy can change from one form into another

  • Use practical investigations and representations to illustrate energy transformations in a system

  • Define open and closed systems to describe how energy is transferred into and out of systems, and how it cycles within a system

  • Apply the law of conservation of energy to familiar examples

  • Use representations to illustrate energy transformations, including how radiant energy from the Sun can be transformed into a different form of energy

Chemical change
  • Undertake experiments to identify the indicators of physical and chemical changes

  • Describe the initial and final changes that are observed in a chemical reaction, including writing a word equation to represent a chemical reaction

  • Investigate and observe energy changes in different chemical reactions

  • Conduct a practical investigation to model cellular processes, including respiration and photosynthesis, and document findings in a written report

Geological change
  • Describe the processes associated with the movement of tectonic plates

  • Identify the evidence used to develop the theory of plate tectonics

  • Identify that earthquakes and volcanoes are natural phenomena that provide evidence of geological changes in the Earth’s crust and surface

  • Describe how Aboriginal and/or Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Cultural accounts provide evidence of earthquakes and volcanoes on‑Country or under the sea

  • Conduct investigations or simulations to compare the observable properties of different types of minerals and rocks

  • Use the rock cycle to explain the geological processes that lead to the formation and transformation of different types of rocks

  • Model the formation of fossils and explain how fossils show evidence that different organisms existed at different times in the past

  • Recognise that the law of superposition allows scientists to determine the relative age of rock strata

  • Describe the elemental composition of the Earth and one or more other planets

Change in context
  • Observe or design a chain reaction machine to represent energy stores and explain the transfers in the system

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